Mr_method_list ( ) #> obj #> 1 mr_wald_ratio #> 2 mr_two_sample_ml #> 3 mr_egger_regression #> 4 mr_egger_regression_bootstrap #> 5 mr_simple_median #> 6 mr_weighted_median #> 7 mr_penalised_weighted_median #> 8 mr_ivw #> 9 mr_ivw_radial #> 10 mr_ivw_mre #> 11 mr_ivw_fe #> 12 mr_simple_mode #> 13 mr_weighted_mode #> 14 mr_weighted_mode_nome #> 15 mr_simple_mode_nome #> 16 mr_raps #> 17 mr_sign #> 18 mr_uwr #> name PubmedID #> 1 Wald ratio #> 2 Maximum likelihood #> 3 MR Egger 26050253 #> 4 MR Egger (bootstrap) 26050253 #> 5 Simple median #> 6 Weighted median #> 7 Penalised weighted median #> 8 Inverse variance weighted #> 9 IVW radial #> 10 Inverse variance weighted (multiplicative random effects) #> 11 Inverse variance weighted (fixed effects) #> 12 Simple mode #> 13 Weighted mode #> 14 Weighted mode (NOME) #> 15 Simple mode (NOME) #> 16 Robust adjusted profile score (RAPS) #> 17 Sign concordance test #> 18 Unweighted regression #> Description use_by_default #> 1 TRUE #> 2 FALSE #> 3 TRUE #> 4 FALSE #> 5 FALSE #> 6 TRUE #> 7 FALSE #> 8 TRUE #> 9 FALSE #> 10 FALSE #> 11 FALSE #> 12 TRUE #> 13 TRUE #> 14 FALSE #> 15 FALSE #> 16 FALSE #> 17 Tests for concordance of signs between exposure and outcome FALSE #> 18 Doesn't use any weights FALSE #> heterogeneity_test #> 1 FALSE #> 2 TRUE #> 3 TRUE #> 4 FALSE #> 5 FALSE #> 6 FALSE #> 7 FALSE #> 8 TRUE #> 9 TRUE #> 10 FALSE #> 11 FALSE #> 12 FALSE #> 13 FALSE #> 14 FALSE #> 15 FALSE #> 16 FALSE #> 17 FALSE #> 18 TRUE If there were multiple exposures against multiple outcomes in dat, the mr() function will perform each MR method for each combination of exposure-outcome traits.
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This returns a data frame of estimates of the causal effect of the exposure on the outcome for a range of different MR methods. The company launched its first overseas factory, in Glasgow, Scotland, in 1867. By that time the company had secured an additional 22 patents and Singer was already a year into retirement. Singer and Clark incorporated in 1863, under the name Singer Manufacturing Company. By 1860 the company achieved the distinction of becoming the biggest sewing machine manufacturer worldwide. Over the years, Singer continued to expand and tweak his designs. Just a year later the company could afford to open an additional three plants in New York. Using a mass-production facility in New York, they were able to make movable parts for their sewing machine, enabling them to cut production costs and sell the machine to average housewives nationwide for an affordable $10. In 1857, he struck up a partnership with Edward Clark, and I.M. Luckily, the suit didn't bar Singer from producing his machine. After nine years on tour, Singer went broke and the group was forced to disband.
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While on a national tour with the Merritt Players, Singer frequently engaged in promiscuous behavior, resulting in the birth of some dozen and a half illegitimate children. As a teen, Singer took on a promising apprenticeship as a mechanic, but his interest in acting soon spurred him to abandon the job and form a traveling theater troupe instead.
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At 12, he left home with minimal education and started working a string of odd jobs as an unskilled laborer. Isaac Merritt Singer was born in Pittstown, New York, on October 27, 1811, and raised in the upstate town of Oswego. They incorporated in 1863, under the name Singer Manufacturing Company. By 1860 it was the biggest sewing machine manufacturer worldwide. In 1857, he partnered with Edward Clark to form I.M. In 1850, Isaac Singer invented a sewing machine that operated at 900 stitches per minute. Isaac Singer, of Singer Manufacturing Company, invented an affordable sewing machine for use in the home and manufactured it with partner Edward Clark.